Studies on feasibility of some water quality trading aspects with end-of-pipe treatment augments: Towards enhancement of environmental performance in firms and CETPs (Record no. 112348)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
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| fixed length control field | 06065ngm a22001457a 4500 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
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| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | TT000060 |
| Item number | SHA |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Shah, Hardik |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Studies on feasibility of some water quality trading aspects with end-of-pipe treatment augments: Towards enhancement of environmental performance in firms and CETPs |
| Statement of responsibility, etc | by Hardik Shah |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. (IMPRINT) | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc | Ahmedabad |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc | Nirma Institute of Technology |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc | 2017 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 177p Ph. D. Thesis with Synopsis and CD |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | Guided by: Dr. J. P. Ruparelia With Synopsis and CD 11EXTPHDE63<br/><br/>ABSTRACT:<br/>Environmental performance is at the heart of the cap and trade approach. The basic idea of this<br/>mechanism is to meet environmental goals at lowest possible cost; compared to other<br/>environmental policies such as command-and-control or emissions taxes. Simple in concept,<br/>emissions trading can become complex in practice when considering all elements that must be in<br/>place. Water Quality Trading (WQT), is a type of emission trading, to reduce water pollution to<br/>the desired level, with minimum treatment cost. The present investigation has attempted to<br/>evaluate the potential of WQT under the Indian scenario and visualize its benefits through reality<br/>checks.<br/>1. A detailed logical framework that links causes and effects of treatment systems has helped<br/>derive a body of empirical evidences to substantiate the credibility of some treatment systems.<br/>2. Assumptions about performance and their determinants helped map relevant correlates.<br/>3. Field investigations, treatability experiments and mathematical modelling helped derive<br/>empirical evidences.<br/>4. Data on parameters was gathered about the performance of Common Effluent Treatment Plants<br/>(CETPs) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) as suitable pollutant to be traded.<br/>The investigation was inspired by a survey by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of 88<br/>industrial clusters across the country. The CPCB reported 43 clusters as critically polluted with a<br/>comprehensive environmental pollution index (CEPI) above 70. CETP-Vatva, a site of this study<br/>was one of the critically polluted areas with CEPI 74.77 in 2009, 87.46 in 2011 and 83.44 in 2013,<br/>quite above the criterion for critically polluted CEPI score. CETP-Vatva demonstrated the fact that<br/>WQT context could become increasingly complex, if heterogeneous / diverse industrial sectors are<br/>considered for their effluents. This was in contrast to the CETP-Palsana with homogeneous<br/>industrial sectors.<br/># Data pertaining to actual effluents released for one hundred and eleven industries on a daily<br/>basis for three months at Palsana. & authorized quantity of effluent discharge (QED) for each<br/>industry and design capacity of CETP was collected.<br/> The study revealed that as the effluent generation is below the authorized QED, WQT is not<br/>possible. However, as the QED increases, WQT can be implemented with cap and trade<br/>mechanism.<br/># Simulations as part of this study demonstrated that cap and trade mechanism may be feasible<br/>below the breakeven point, i.e. 85% of the authorized QED.<br/># Further, as the authorized QED is lowered, the potential for WQT increased. Thus, WQT with<br/>cap and trade seems feasible at CETP, Palsana.<br/>Based on the encouraging results for Palsana, studies were initiated at Vatva, that had three<br/>functional and major industrial sectors, i.e., Dyes, Dye Intermediates and Textile processing. This<br/>heterogeneity in industrial sectors further compounded complexity through diverse scales of<br/>production; namely small, medium and large scale.<br/># Thus, for this research, three industries from each sector with a total of nine different industries<br/>were chosen.<br/># 2000 L of effluent was collected from each of the industries for detailed investigations.<br/># The initial COD loading observed was in the range of 68 to 7074, 30 to 896 and 100 to 1541<br/>kg COD / day for textile processing, dyes and dye intermediates respectively with significant<br/>variation in the qualitative profiles.<br/># The collected effluent was treated by electrocoagulation, Fenton’s reagent and Electrooxidation<br/>in batch scale and pilot scale reactors. The batch scale reactors for all the three<br/>technologies were of 1Lsize, the pilot-scale reactors were of 25 L, 50 L and 150 L for<br/>electrocoagulation, Fenton’s reagent and Electro-oxidation, respectively.<br/># Based on the above it was observed that<br/>o A simplistic conclusion that can be common for treatment of effluent from specific<br/>sectors cannot be drawn.<br/>o The scales of production namely small, medium and large scales determined the extent<br/>of COD eliminated across treatment methods.<br/>o This was true also for the cost for treatment, related to the quality of effluent and<br/>pollution control method.<br/># It was also seen that electrocoagulation could be achieved with least cost for treatment for all<br/>effluents, however its COD removal efficiency was less in some cases compared to other<br/>technologies.<br/># A hypothetical trading among all selected industries was also evaluated considering different<br/>caps on release for COD loading. A stringent cap is introduced, influenced an increasing<br/>number of closures of industry if WQT is not implemented.<br/># The mathematical models, formulated as mixed integer programming problems, are limited to<br/>watershed trading; implemented and solved through the CPLEX.<br/>Results relate to treatments suggested to control pollution, the source, and the overall cost<br/>comparison in trading and non-trading scenario. It also revealed changes in the number of credits<br/>demanded before and after technology implementation along with changes in the group of buyers<br/>and sellers of credits within the sectors. The optimum value of cap for a given scenario was also<br/>derived, especially from a regulatory authority point of view. The present research thereby presents<br/>much needed evidences about the feasibility of WQT; considering settings unique to the systems<br/>chosen. |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | http://repository.nirmauni.ac.in/jspui/handle/123456789/8007 |
| Public note | Institute Repository (Campus Access) |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/handle/10603/207014 |
| Public note | Shodhganga |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | Dewey Decimal Classification |
| Koha item type | Thesis |
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