Forensic DNA Typing: Biology, Technology, and Genetics of STR Markers

DNA Biology Review Sample Collection, DNA Extraction and DNA Quantitation The Polymerase Chain Reaction ( DNA Amplification) Commonly used Short Tandem Repeat Markers and Commercial Kits Biology of STRs: Stutter Products, Non- Template Addition, Microvariants, Null Alleles and Mutation Rates Forensic Issues: Degraded DNA, PCR Inhibition, Contamination, Mixed Samples and Low Copy Number Single Nucleotide polymorphisms and Other Bi- Allelic Markers Y Chromosome DNA Testing Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Non- Human DNA Testing and Microbial Foresics DNA Sepration Methods: Slab Gel and Capillary Electrophoresis' DNA Detection Methods: Fluorescent Dyes and Silver- Staining Instrumentation for STR Typing: ABI 310, ABI 3100, FMBIO Systems STR Genotyping Issues Laboratory Validation New Technologies, Automation and Expert Systems Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) and the use of DNA Databases Basic Genetic Principles, Statistics and Probability STR Population Database Analysis Profile Frequency Estimates, Likelihood Ratios and Source Attribution Approaches to Statistical Analysis of Mixtures and Degraded DNA Kinship and Parentage Testing Mass Disaster DNA Victim Identification Reported STR Alleles: Sizes and Sequences U. S. Population Data - STR Allele Frequencies Suppliers of DNA Analysis Equipment, Products or Services DNA Advisory Board Quality Assurance Standards NRC II Recommendations Example DNA Cases